A healthy well-balanced diet
Parents concerned about their child’s weight should encourage a variety of fresh, nutritious foods in his or her diet.
Starchy foods, which are rich in “complex carbohydrates”, are bulky relative to the amount of calories they contain. This makes them filling and nutritious. Sources such as bread, potatoes, pasta, rice and chapatti should provide half the energy in a child’s diet.
Instead of high-fat foods like chocolate, biscuits, cakes and crisps, try healthier alternatives such as fresh fruit, crusty bread or crackers.
Try to grill or bake foods instead of frying. Burgers, fish fingers and sausages are just as tasty when grilled, but have a lower fat content. Oven chips are lower in fat than fried chips.
Avoid fizzy drinks that are high in sugar. One can of soda contains 9 teaspoons of sugar. Substitute them with fresh juices diluted with water or sugar-free alternatives.
A healthy breakfast of a low-sugar cereal (eg whole meal wheat biscuits) with milk, plus a piece of fruit is a good start to the day.
Instead of sweets, offer dried fruit or tinned fruit in natural juice. Frozen yoghurt is an alternative to ice cream. Bagels are an alternative to doughnuts.
Changes to eating habits
- Try to set a good example with your own eating habits.
- Provide meals and healthy snacks at regular times to prevent “grazing” throughout the day.
- Don’t allow your children to eat while watching TV or doing homework.
- Make mealtimes a happy occasion by eating as a family
- Encourage children to “listen to their tummies” and eat when they are hungry rather than out of habit.
- Teach children to chew food more slowly and savour the food. They will feel fuller more quickly and be less likely to overeat at mealtimes.
- Do not keep lots of high-fat, high-sugar snack foods in the house.
- Do not make outings for fast foods part of the weekly routine.
- Try to get children involved in preparing food as this will make them more aware of what they are eating.
Do not use food to comfort a child – give attention, listening and hugs instead.
Avoid using food as a reward as this can reinforce the idea of food as a source of comfort. Instead of having a fast-food meal to celebrate a good school report, for example, buy a gift, go to the cinema, or have a friend to stay overnight.
When children who need to improve their eating habits are old enough, it may help them to keep a food diary, recording what and when they eat. It’s important to be aware of snacking “danger times” and find strategies to divert attention away from food, or towards a healthier option.
Studies show that breastfeeding a baby, even if only for a short period of time, may reduce the risk of obesity in later life.
Parents who enjoy a healthy diet with plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables set a good example for their children. As children grow older they tend to stick to the eating pattern that has been established at home.
Encourage physical activity as soon as they are able to walk steadily.
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